System Information
Operating system: MacOS Monterey

Blender Version
Broken: 3.2.0 Alpha and 3.1.0
Worked: ---

*All done in Cycles with rendering preview*
Setting bpy.context.object.data.cycles.cast_shadow = False in the python console will run but produce no changes. The UI button will not update. Changing to another tab (ie. Object Constraint Property) and then changing back will show that the UI button has now updated. The change will not affect the scene though. Running another command such as: bpy.context.object.data.energy = 500 or manually changing another property will then update the boolean.
I was able to experience this with cast_shadow in the Object Data Property, use_camera_cull and a custom BoolProperty that are both in Object Property. More specifically: cycles/blender/addon/properties.py - CyclesObjectSettings() and CyclesLightSettings()
I'm not sure if this is caused by the BoolProperty itself or because of the context that it is in.
To note: other boolean properties such as the Viewport Display -> Show Name do work through the python console.

Steps to Reproduce

• Open default scene and switch render engine to cycles
• Select light in viewport and Change to scripting workspace
• Change to Object data properties tab and see the Cast shadow (default enabled)
• Run bpy.context.object.data.cycles.cast_shadow = False in console

Value does not update in User interface unless we perform some action there (resize properties window, change property tab, etc.)